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''ラテン語:Bellum omnium contra omnes'', a Latin phrase meaning "the war of all against all", is the description that Thomas Hobbes gives to human existence in the state of nature thought experiment that he conducts in ''De Cive'' (1642) and ''Leviathan'' (1651). The common modern English usage is a war of "each against all" where war is rare and terms such as "competition" or "struggle" are more common.〔 Now in 〕 ==Hobbes' use== In ''Leviathan'' itself,〔 (P. 610 ). ISBN 3-787-31699-X; ISBN 978-37-8731-699-1.〕 Hobbes speaks of 'warre of every one against every one',〔(Chapter 14 ).〕 of 'a war () of every man against every man'〔(Chapters 13-14 ).〕 and of 'a perpetuall warre of every man against his neighbour',〔〔(Chapter 24 ).〕 but the Latin phrase occurs in ''De Cive'': Later on, two slightly modified versions are presented in ''Libertas'' (liberty): In chapter XIII of ''Leviathan'', Hobbes explains the concept with these words: The thought experiment places people in a pre-social condition, and theorizes what would happen in such a condition. According to Hobbes, the outcome is that people choose to enter a social contract, giving up some of their liberties in order to enjoy peace. This thought experiment is a test for the legitimation of a state in fulfilling its role as "sovereign" to guarantee social order, and for comparing different types of states on that basis. Hobbes distinguishes between war and battle: war does not only consist of actual battle; it points to the situation in which one knows there is a 'Will to contend by Battle'.〔(''Ibid.'' )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「bellum omnium contra omnes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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